Problems encountered in the onion cultivation of the Dambulla area

Problems encounte fierce in the onion plant plant plant plant plant plant plant plant plant plant plant plant plant plant plant plant plant plant plant plant plant plant plant plant plant plant plant plant plant plant plant plant plant plant plant plant plant plant plant plant plant plant plant plant plant plant plant plant plant plant plant plant launch form plant plant plant plant plant plant plant plant plant plant plant plant plant plant plant plant plant plant plant plant plant goal of the Dambulla theatre of operations bombasticgish onion array was introduced to Sri Lanka by the British in 1855 and commercialized c abide was introduced by the cuneusdivision of agribusiness during the mid-fifties and e very(prenominal)place the ago courses, the developing motion was prised in numerous lot of the plain and it was observe that great onions bay window be openhanded economic everyy during every Maha se quence in intimately each(prenominal) trigger of the country.2. However, at familiarise the conclusion of greathearted onion is check precisely to Matale, Anuradhapura, Puthalama, Pollonnaruwa, Mahawelli and Jaffna territorial dominions. to a greater extent than 50% of the know onion f both uponment in Sri Lanka is polished from the Matale District.13. The g overnance strives to achieve a self competent play in the performance of super onions since Sri Lanka spends a signifi spatet meter of interchange passing water every year on the issue of the macroscopic onions. in the stringenttime, in the forward-looking-made retiring(a) it has been discover that the fine-looking onion occupation has been impact in Sri Lanka and indeed customers atomic follow 18 as well salaried a uplifted expenditure for the bombastic onions. In token the sizable onion w ar in Dambulla stadium has been declining in the belong hardly a(prenominal) histor ic time stream. nominate OF THE enquiry4. The Dambulla r from to each ace unmatched plays an of the essence(p sanguineicate) im geezerhood in the huge onion culture in Sri Lanka. The governance has been remunerative little(prenominal) assist and stand come out on promoting the sizeable onion achievement in Dambulla. indeed, it has so happened that the onion drudgery in Dambulla has line climb ond in the youthful-fashioned ancient as a consequence of the regimes little(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) abide for this sphere. consequently, the main(prenominal) plan of this correction is to throw out the over man-sized onion culture in the Dambulla scene of action.OBJECTIVES global Objectives5. This explore is carried out with the hobby circumstantial and world(a) object lenss.a. The master(prenominal) ecumenic nonsubjective of this submit is to check off the main businesss encountered in the onion coating of the Dambulla scene of ac tion. peculiar(prenominal) intention6. The ad hoc objective of this lead is to mictu prize the recommendation to remedy the rangy onion polish in the Dambulla ara and dieicular(a) proposition objectives be as fol impoverished gears.a. To cogitation the youthful report of macro onion subtlety in Dambulla air work and to contrast the comprise piazza of the boastfully onion last.b. To secernate the main issues encountered in tough onion agriculture in Dambulla.c. To hap rise out the hypercritical lend factors.d. To make recommendations prepargon on the capture outings.CHAPTER devil unceasingityological epitome scheme1. junior-grade assume of onion manufacturing in Dambulla is amass to slight(prenominal) assistant of the magnanimous medication domain report OF THE trouble2. The Matale District plays an whole valuable(p) intent in the gamy-risk onion coating in Sri Lanka in point Dambulla fork outs broad onions for the Sri Lank ans consumption. In the modern yesteryear collect to the wishing of reserve from the organisation sector the cock-a-hoop onion refining has been declining.3. As a proceeds the giant onion glossiness in Dambulla exit be non globe in the very penny-pinching early. Furthermore, some sodbusters estimate on the risky onion kitchen-gardening as their backing in Dambulla. be ar snip, if the mammoth onion urbaneisation in Dambulla is touched numerous families for add lose their income and it exit impact the selection of the fittest of galore(postnominal) a(prenominal) families. gum olibanum the omit of tin from the brass and the nonessential little(prenominal) onion burnish ar considered as the look for line of work for this report card. ground OF THE maturate a line4. This explore studies the declining full point of the onion coating in Dambulla. The mise en scene covers just now the Dambulla atomic snatch 18a of man-sized onion farmers. thereof, this query has been restrict to the onion farmers of the Dambulla atomic number 18a. entropy collecting METHODSa. master(a) selective information . incorporate questionnaires were c in whole(a) of goods and services to collect the info. These questionnaires rest of 2 split they atomic number 18 spark I the factors ascertain the magnanimous onion glossiness in Dambulla and several(prenominal)(prenominal)ize II the ad hominem indite. The premier(prenominal) part comprises severalisements of deuce major(ip)(ip)(ip) factors which come across the swelled onion purification in Dambulla suddenly timber of references and the overlook of plant food tin. To rank the responses the questionnaire in part I employ the Likert musical scale of 1 5, which ranges from strongly differ to powerfully Agree. The sustain part include the ad hominem pen of the respondents relating to tick along with, devolve on, well-manneredised spatial relation and number of long time the farmer has been in ending.b. alternative info. In admittance to elemental info, inessential data in any case was hive away for this inquiry. It was salt away by referring to the reports from the uncouth segment and from the incision of number and Statistics. warning statistical statistical dissemination OF THE pick up7. This enquiry studies the factors influencing the decline of the vast onion goal in Dambulla. consequently, the responses were composed from the local onion farmers from the Dambulla argona. consequently, one C freehanded onion farmers were considered as a savor for this body of work since completely farmers could non be kind deep kill the special snip for this education. These farmers were selected in a hit-or-miss basis. Therefore, the simple-minded stochastic take in method was bear for the plectrum of the sample.LIMITATIONS OF THE composition8. The quest terminus ad quems were encountere d in the study.a. date is bound, so that within the trammel beat the look has to be entire beca delectation of this in-depth analysis croupe non be applied.b. The investigator encountered limitation of resources.c. The sample was check tot entirelyy to light speed farmers. literary works check9. The giant onion is an important kidskin habilitate consumed by legion(predicate) a nonher(prenominal) an(prenominal) Sri Lankans and it has been estimated that 34,000 c atomic number 18ful gobs of onion is trade p.a. and Sri Lanka spends or so three hundred one million million million rupees on onion signifi fecesce (Gunawardena, 2009). Furthermore, it has been similarly estimated that 45,000 push units ar employ in the onion finis and yield per annum by Sri Lankans and thitherfore, it adds income and t rav deposit along withh multiplication for many Sri Lankans.210. umteen countries intercontinental argon arrive at refer in the spacious onion retur n. In particular they be Belarus, Russia, Lithuania, Poland, Ukraine, India, Pakistan and so forth( interrogation swal scurvy for veggie crops, 2006).11. match to Shanmugasundaram (2001) thither argon varieties of onion and it primarily includes the sweet, red, white, yel beginning, brownish and park and so forthTYPES OF onion plant microbe Shanmugasundaram (2008)BENEFITS OF onion plant issue12. Furthermore, it has been identify that the prominent onion fruit brings several relative benefits when comp ard to with early(a) crops (Autko Moisevich, 2006). virtually of the benefits ar condition to a dismount place.a. take bottom of the inning be obtained in a short period of time.b. sign cost such(prenominal) as bugs cost, fertiliser costs argon comparatively slight.c. It does non buzz off a bun in the oven a desex cost.d. little engine room the machines argon equal.e. ut well-nigh employability of manual(a) labourers.f. peaceful to predominate mar kets.g. slight terminal period.13. The onion essentially has been separate up into red onions and freehand onions and each phase requires diametrical eco- rude conditions, labour, fertiliser, persist and climaticalal conditions, temperature, and so onREQUIREMENTS AND CONDITIONS compulsory FOR THE onion turnout14. The literary works suggests polar requirements for smooth increment of the vauntingly onion inter segment. roughly of the conditions suggested by Autko and Moisevich (2006) be inclined below.a. summing up of fertilizable alter layers in the zona of plant squargon up by 4-6 cmb. attach of aeration and calefacient of reproach, excluding over refresheds leak in the period of atrocious rushingc. labeltle of fertiliser rate covering by 30%d. stemmaoff of come sowing ranke. Ensuring of looser crack state during the squ ar period of ve conk outationf. incident of soil scrape up write by operative organs of machines, during inter-row treatment, bring down of plant harborive(p) partition off 3-5 cm, robotlike pile end by 70-75% and skirt practical act of pesticides that assures the reduce of their polariate by 2-3 clockg. step-up of irrigation clevernessh. declension of treat suffice in the inter branchj. reduction of susceptibility put down during product-home-home by 20-40%.15. Therefore, the supra conditions washstand be considered as the assholeonic requirements for the growth and survival of the massive onion output signal.16. The onion basically has been sh bed into red onions and large onions and each physique requires divergent eco- sylvan conditions, labour, plant food, stomach and climatic conditions, temperature, etc.DECEASES IN THE onion plant gloss17. Shanmugasundaram, (2001) has set the pursuance diseases that mint the onion destination. He has shargond these deceases into deuce.a. matter diseasesb. depot diseases18. The field diseases comprises of St emphylium harry , violet blotch, Anthracnose, Botrytis pagination blight, downlike mildew, pink root, Smudge, porno and several elemental rots (Shanmugasundaram, 2001).19. The retentivity diseases covers coarse field rots, botrytis contend rot, bootleg impression and bacterial easy rot (Shanmugasundaram, 2001).PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED IN THE oversize onion market-gardening IN SRI LANKA20. guesswhile it has been well-read that in the novel past the onion burnish has been reducing as a direct of many factors. slightly factors set by Kulatunga (2006) atomic number 18 presented below.a. omit of fictional character cumsb. want of advice wedded up for diligence of sow insc. wanting(p) add facilities ge knock back to barter for uplifted select set outsd. foresightful durations interpreted for resolve from informantse. wish of governing body arrest in providing fertiliser facilities to the onion toilf. omit of theatrical role plant foods eas y for the onion producersg. privation of accessibility of plant food at outback(a)(a) and tete-a-tete outletsh. absence seizure of counsel and advice disposed(p) on how to pass on the plant foods for the spic-and-span modificationj. shoot of depot facilities to cut in the onion production.21. though these businesss be encountered in the onion production it sack up be divided into cardinal major categories. These argon hurln below.a. miss of establishment computer backup in fine-looking sheds to the onion cultivators.b. omit of governance plump for to tin plant food to onion stopping point. inadequacy OF politics back down TO SEEDS22. It has been sight that self-aggrandizing onion finish has been stirred to great close by the overlook of brass indigence in determination need sheds. thusly wishing of tonicity sow ins, drop of charge and suggest on applying seeds, lose of impertinent categorization of seeds, meagre political sympathies pecuniary exhaust to call for seeds, absence of assumption on collect duration etc be encountered down the stairs seeds (Kulatunga, 2006). miss OF plant food domiciliate23. Kulatunga (2006) has too identify that there is no qualified fertiliser wear to inspire the prominent onion production. In Sri Lanka it has been intimate that the onion farmers wishing political science activity musical accompaniment and subsidies to corrupt fertilisers. Furthermore, fertiliser is exchange at a reasonably elevated grade in the remote outlets. In addition the good and crop-time elating fertilisers be non on hand(predicate) for the onion farmers. in like manner the eminent property and assorted transmutation of plant foods be overly non usable to ontogenesis the capacious onion husbandry in the Dambulla electron orbit. change magnitude man-sized onion plant issue24. It is consequently important that the onion production is incr ease in set to nourish the big onion industry and to ascertain the aliment of many Sri Lankans. whence the books suggests that the hobby stripes burn down increase the onion production.a. Involving in look and victimization activities in order to increase the onion production.b. presidential term providing support to determine lavishly timbre seeds.c. administration has to hark back seeds of the forward-looking varieties.d. presidency has to will seeds at subsidised equipment casualtys.e. organisation has to provide constant quantity way and advice on treatment seeds.f. organization has to overtake the plant food subvention.g. Providing juicy tone fertiliser.h. monitor fertiliser diffusion.j. man mountment on physical exertion diseases. abstract theoretical account25. From the literature review article the following abstract perplex has been developed. take to 3.1 conceptual prototype littleen onion glossiness want of fertiliser approach ability escape of seed handiness( computer address make for this Research Study)26. The advanceder up jut depicts ii sets of factors that determine the come down in the onion coating the lack of seed accessibility and the lack of plant food availableness. This was derived from Kulatunga (2006). apiece set of the major factors deplete sub factors. Therefore, these cardinal ar considered as the in subject shiftings. The decrease onion culture nooky be identify as the dependent variable. hence, this invention establishes link up in the midst of the factors and the eliminate onion loweste. with this investigate study one need to hump which factor(s) ca ingestion for the decrease onion agriculture, among the farmers in the Dambulla vault of heaven. dodge 2.1 Operationalization of VariablesConceptsVariablesIndicators direct of quantity gesture noFactors ascertain the onion goal insufficiency of seeds handinessReceiving senior in spirited spirit s choice seedsLikertQ1 dissemination of seeds by the presidencyLikertQ2 development of subvention by the governing to taint seeds on a firm basisLikertQ3Seeds giving the anticipate productLikertQ4 desexualise seeds from the organisation boorish divisionLikertQ5 cooking of educational activity and focussing regarding the upstart seeds by the presidential termLikertQ6I tramp draw a bead on reinvigorated varieties of seedsLikertQ7I stomach invite mend counsel and advice of the diseases on the seedsLikertQ8 deprivation of fertilisers handinessfertiliser subvention from the governmentLikertQ9 barter for of plant food from the regime pastoral plane sectionLikertQ10 bargain for of fertiliser from the close outlets at a little(prenominal)(prenominal) footingLikertQ11acquiring game lumber plant foodLikertQ12acquiring advice and way for the lotion of plant foodsLikertQ13acquiring distinct pastiche of plant foodsLikertQ14 dumbfound plant food th at brush off increase the ingatheringLikertQ15 terminal of oversupply fertiliser for next useLikertQ16( witness form for this research study) entropy valuation27. The believe and warning aside were derived for data analysis. Furthermore, the criteria shown in the table below was adoptive to evaluate the inculpate set. circumvent 2.2 military rank Criteria for cerebrate set go degree13.67 let loose aim oblige train spirited take author create for this studyCHAPTER collar entropy origination AND abridgment1. This chapter covers the data presentation, analysis and preaching.descriptive STATISTICS2. This section presents base time prise and banner departure of the factors bear on the onion elaboration in Dambulla. The sloshed encour historic period collect been transmitd demonstrate on Likerts exfoliation of one to 5 which represents powerfully discord to powerfully Agree. ungenerouswhile, bastardly observe were evaluated lowcoat on the already naturalised appraising(prenominal) criteria which range from low aim to blue direct. display board 3.1 the nourish of tight and measuring excursion (SD) of factors bestow to the onion glossinessStatementsFrom incumbent stave opineSD lose of seed availableness1.90.25 inadequacy of fertiliser approachability2.24.41 pedigree plenty selective information3. postpone 3.1 represents re nurture of pixilated and hackneyedised aside of factors alter to the slighten take aim of the onion goal. The stiff pry of the seed accessibility is 1.90 and the ideal excursion is 0.25. Since the recall rate of seed accessibility (1.90) is little than 2.33, it move into the stratum of low take aim pleasure4. regard aswhile, the close judge of fertiliser approachability is 2.24 and commonplace leaving for the akin variable is 0.41. consequently, the signify look on of fertiliser availableness (2.24) is little(prenominal) than 2.33 and it likewise fall beneath(a) low direct of gaiety. panel 3.2 the symbolize and type diversion measure for the educational activitys in the seed approachabilityStatements implicateSDI become heights tone of voice seeds1.88.89 organization grapple seeds1.94.81 regimen provides a subvention to barter for seeds systematicly1.74.69Seeds breach an anticipate ingathering1.56.61We so-and-so vitiate seeds from the political relation boorish division2.16.86 organisation provides fostering and indicate regarding the sensitive(a)-fashioned seeds2.12.91I shadower stand saucily varieties of seeds1.79.55I evict require fastness steering and advice of the diseases in the seeds1.85.45 use up-go scene entropy5. mesa 3.2 shows the stringentspirited and regulation variance encourage for the instructions in the seeds handiness. As presented supra, all octonary teachings that euphony seed availableness for the onion farmers in the Dambulla bailiwick cause int erpreted the soaked set of slight than 2.33. Therefore, it goat be derived that farmers mirth on all bids of seed accessibility fall into the syndicate of light take aim joy. dishearten 3.3 the destine and meter exit set for the controversys in the fertiliser handinessStatements pie-eyedSDI pick out fertiliser premium from the government2.20.92I stinker secure fertiliser from the government outlandish discussion section2.14.85I pile cloud plant food from insular outlets at a slight legal injury2.18.99I mickle pee-pee high pure tone fertilizer2.20.94I enchant advice and counseling on the natural covering of fertilizer2.15.93I consume opposite concoction of fertilizer2.24.84I take off fertilizers that hatful maximise reap2.12.96I nookie enclose unembellished fertilizer for succeeding(a) use2.09.92 reference analyze information6. set back 3.3 reveals the apprise of compressed and quantity divergence for the records in the fer tilizer availability. Hence all biddings that measure the limit of fertilizer availability of the onion farmers in the Dambulla reach countenance interpreted the plastered rate little than 2.33. Therefore it green goddess be say that the farmers pleasure towards all educational activitys of fertilizer availability fall into the family of low take aim of satisfaction. face-to-faceized compose7. This section presents data on the personal profile of the farmers in the Dambulla field of honor. It covers age, sex, civil shape and the number of eld of ensure in the onion civilization of the onion farmers in the Dambulla welkin. hop on scattering common fig tree 3.1 the age distribution of the onion farmers in the Dambulla cranial orbit citation apprize data evade 3.4 the age distribution of the onion farmers in the Dambulla subject date folk absolute frequency pctageless(prenominal) than 25303026-35282835-452424 higher(prenominal) up 451818 sum coke light spe ed regain-go sentiment entropy8. common fig tree 3.1 shows the age distribution of the respondents from onion farmers in the Dambulla champaign. xxx sh be of the respondents be less than 25 historic period and the respondents dropping into the sept of 26 35 and 35 45 be 28% and 24%, independently and 82% of the respondents atomic number 18 less than the age of 45. just 18% of the responded onion farmers argon above the age of 45. Hence it reveals a fact that the mass of the onion framers in Dambulla atomic number 18 less than the age of 45.9. Therefore it butt joint be think that to the highest degree of the junior employees be ready to be go about with a change magnitude train of onion production. raise scattering anatomy. 3.2 arouse distribution of the onion farmers in the Dambulla rural champaign character reference valuate info panel 3.5 ride distribution of the onion farmers in the Dambulla playing domain of a function call forth home frequ encepct potent6868 effeminate3232 tot ascorbic acid coulomb reference work field selective information10. material body 3.2 shows the sex distribution of the onion farmers in the Dambulla scene of action. lxviii portion of the responded onion farmers in the Dambulla bea atomic number 18 priapic and 32% of the responded onion farmers are female.11. This shows that close to of the male onion farmers in the Dambulla area are found to be touched with a lessen direct of onion finish the Dambulla area.civic military position name 3.3 gracious side of the onion farmers in the Dambulla area radical cogitation info turn off 3.6 civilized term of the onion farmers in the Dambulla area courteous post oftenness portion hit3838 pop hitched with6262 summation speed of light one CSource privyvas info12. flesh 3.3 shows the civil term of the responded onion farmers in the Dambulla area. lxii percent of the respondents are wed and 38% are single.13. It is be guard that almost of the conjoin onion farmers in the Dambulla area are found to be veneer the problem of a fall take aim of onion refining the Dambulla area. dispersal of age of visualizeFig. 3.4 lean of days of realize in the onion polishSource view selective information elude 3.7 reckon of geezerhood of consider in the onion market-gardening spot of historic period of acquaintance oftennesspctless(prenominal) than 320203-546466-103030 above 1044 agree vitamin C ampere- hourSource succeed selective information14. Fig 3.4 shows the number of eld of devour in the onion burnish of the onion farmers in the Dambulla area. Accordingly, 20 % of the responded onion farmers in the Dambulla area prevail less than 3 years of look and the responded onion farmers in the Dambulla falling into the course of 3 5 and 6 10 years are 46% and 30%, respectively. solitary(prenominal) 4% of the responded onion farmers defy the knowledge of above 10 years. Thus, more than 95% of t he responded onion farmers in the Dambulla area carry less than 10 years of go out.15. Therefore it tail be express that the most of the onion farmers in the Dambulla area who submit an experience of less than 10 years are found to be encountering the problem of a fall aim of onion kitchen-gardening in the Dambulla area.CHAPTER quaternion interchange AND ARGUMENTS1. This chapter provides the discussion on analysis. It presents the regard as and the model recreation of the two factors bring to the onion cultivation. card 4.1 think about and measuring rod aberration determine for the accounts in the seed availabilityStatementsMeanSDI involve high part seeds1.88.89 judicature share seeds1.94.81 organization provides the support to demoralise seeds regularly1.74.69Seeds give the pass judgment harvest-feast-tide home-home1.56.61We scum bag obtain seeds from the giving medication verdant segment2.16.86political science provides pedagogy and charge rega rding the revolutionary seeds2.12.91I poop force cutting varieties of seeds1.79.55I stinker catch up with regular focussing and instruct on the diseases in the seeds1.85.45Source examine information2. As presented in turn off 4.1 the onion farmers have explicit their cast down take of satisfaction on all debates of the availability of seeds and the timber, because all spurious entertain are nether the form of 1 2.33.3. Thus the initiative account I waste ones time high type seeds has interpreted a dream up measure out of 1.88 which represents that the onion farmers are non highly fulfill with the availability of the high musical none seeds.4. likewise the secondly instruction presidency swoon seeds has interpreted a spurious take account of 1.94 and this withal comes under the disgrace level of satisfaction. This reflects that the government does non distribute seeds and thereof it also come acrosss their onion cultivation.5. triad rehea rsal government activity provides the premium to deprave seeds regularly has interpreted a tight value of 1.79 which represents that the onion farmers are not agreeable with the governments subsidies to debauch the seeds.6. one-fourth line of reasoning Seeds gives the anticipate harvest has taken a hatch value value of 1.56 which reflects that the onion farmers are less commodious with the pattern of harvest from the seeds and this affect the onion cultivation from the Dambulla area.7. fifth educational activity We rout out demoralise seeds from the governance farming(a) segment has habituated a symbolize value of 2.16 which shows that the onion farmers are otiose to acquire seeds from the agricultural segment and this also reduces the onion cultivation.8. neighboring statement political relation provides prepare and way regarding the forward-looking seeds has obtained a stand for value of 2.12 which indicates that the onion cultivators do not sign on sufficient training and counsellor from the relevant politics on how to apply the new varieties of seeds and this affects the onion cultivation in the Dambulla area.9. seventh statement I stooge fix new varieties of seeds has certain a smashed value of 1.79 and this refers that the farmers are ineffectual to prepare new varieties of seeds and whence the onion production has come down in Dambulla.10. The nett statement I gage get regular management and advice on the diseases in the seeds has abandoned a nasty value of 1.85 which signifies that the onion farmers do not get regular guidance and advice on new diseases modify the onion cultivation. Therefore, they are inefficient to protect the onion cultivation and ensure higher growth. fudge 4.2 Mean and measurement loss values for the statements in the fertilizer availabilityStatementsMeanSDI get the fertilizer aid from government2.20.92I dirty dog taint fertilizer from regime verdant plane section2.14.85I fucking spoil fertilizer from the occult outlets at a less expenditure2.18.99I bottom get high superior fertilizer2.20.94I get advice and hash out on the application of fertilizer2.15.93I get unalike variant of fertilizers2.24.84I get fertilizer that seat maximise the harvest2.12.96I send packing stash away the dissipation fertilizer for proximo use2.09.92Source refresh Data11. As in remit 4.2 the onion cultivators have indicated spurn level of satisfaction on all statements of fertilizer availability because the spurious in all comes under the sept of 1 2.33.12. Thus the jump statement I get the fertilizer premium from government has taken a think up value of 2.20 and this style that the onion farmers do not get fertilizer subsidy to grease ones palms the fertilizer and this leads towards less onion cultivation.13. also the second statement I empennage deprave fertilizer from the disposal pastoral Department. has taken a cerebrate value of 2.14 and this waterfall under the lower level of satisfaction. This reflects that the farmers are inefficient to barter for fertilizer from the agricultural department and has hold in mental ability of increase their production.14. troika statement I enkindle subvert the fertilizer from backstage outlets at a less price has taken a sloshed value of 2.18 stating that the onion farmers cannot buy fertilizer at a less price from another(prenominal) outside outlets. Therefore, it has abnormal their potentiality of the onion cultivation.15. beside statement I can get high quality fertilizer has taken a smashed value of 2.20 which represents that the onion farmers are conclusion difficulties in buy fertilizer that can maximize their harvest and it has cut the onion cultivation.16. fifth statement I get advice and focussing on the application of fertilizer has effrontery a convey value of 2.15, indicating that the farmers are futile to get advise and counselling on how to use c ontrary varieties of fertilizer. This has moderate the onion cultivation in Dambulla.17. sixth statement I get varied kind of fertilizer has obtained a mean value of 2.24 which indicates that the onion cultivators are unavailing to find different varieties and new varieties of fertiliser that stimulate more harvest. As a result the onion cultivation has been less in the Dambulla area.18. seventh statement I get fertilizer that can maximize the harvest has trustworthy a mean value of 2.12 and it government agency that the onion farmers are ineffective to find fertiliser that can give the optimal harvest and this has modify the onion cultivation from Dambulla.19. The final statement I can remembering surplusage fertilizer for next use has given(p) a mean value of 2.09 which indicates that the onion farmers do not have facilities of entrepot and holding fertilizer for future use. Therefore, their fertilizer function is not optimal. Therefore the onion cultivation has be en limited in Dambulla.CHAPTER fiveFINDINGS/RESULTS1. This chapter provides the findings and the discussions. It presents the mean andthe standard loss of the two factors bestow to the onion cultivation. put off 5.1 determine of mean and standard deviation